X-ray analysis is a technique used in various scientific fields, including materials science, chemistry, and biology, to study the structure of materials at the atomic and molecular levels. It involves bombarding a sample with X-rays and analyzing the resulting diffraction pattern or absorption spectrum to obtain information about the composition, crystal structure, and physical properties of the material. X-ray analysis is a powerful tool for determining the arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice, identifying phases in a material, and studying the internal structure of biological molecules. It is commonly used in research, quality control, and forensic analysis.